Robert Catesby Taliaferro (1907–1989) was an American mathematician, philosopher, and translator of ancient Greek and Latin works into English. He translated Ptolemy's Almagest, a 2nd-century book on astronomy, the 13 books of Euclid's Elements, Apollonius' works on conic sections, and some works of Plato, and St. Augustine. He also wrote a book titled The concept of matter in Descartes and Leibniz[1] and one titled Number systems, introduction to Euclid book V, and to the theory of limits.[2]